An analysis of al-khwarizmi`s contribution to mathematical sciences with a specific reference to algebraic science

Abstract

This research studies the original Arabic version of Al-Khwārizmī’s Al- Mukhtasar fî HisÉb Al-Jabr wa'l-MuqÉbala and explanations of his work on Arithmetic KitÉb Al-Jem wa'l TafrÊq bi HisÉb Al-Hind which is available only in Latin under the title of Algoritmi de numero Indorum. This work has used secondary sources in the form of books, articles, and internet documentations. The methodology employed in this study is a qualitative analysis of the collected data. The primary focus of the research has been on Al-Khwārizmī’s overall contribution to mathematical sciences which eventually helped in the development of all branches of mathematics in the West. Although traditionally it has been known that algebra is an Arabic word and the use of the Arabic numerals originated through these studies, historians of mathematics have discovered that Muslim knowledge of mathematical schemes during the Medieval Times contributed to a great extent to the Renaissance in Europe. Al-Khwārizmī’s algebra is already included in contemporary educational curricula in universities and secondary schools, therefore, Al-Khwārizmī’s contribution to mathematics made him number one amongst the most celebrated mathematicians in the history of mankind. This study relates the pre-Islamic origins of mathematics and its development as an integral part during the Islamic civilization culminating with the creation of the academy of science called Bait Al-Hikmah. This study concludes by highlighting the essential principles Muslim should adapt to bridge the gap that separated between the Muslims' civilizational legacy and the present scientific and technological advancement of the West.