دور المصارف الإسلامية في جذب المدخرات واستثمارها : دراسة تطبيقية على اليمن

Abstract

This research highlights on the studies and analysis of the role of Islamic banking in pooling of funds and putting them into resourceful investment in Yemen. Hence today, they are an important instrument that can generate funds and its investment. The scope of application of Islamic economic first and foremost prohibits the component of Riba and the practice is based on the principle of “the amount of profit is based on the risk undertaken”. As for this reason, the scope of the research covers three main areas i.e. the Shar"‘ah perspective, the economic and financial perspective and practical perspective. The research is divided into six main chapters which are preceded by an introduction. The introductory part consists of background of the research, research problem and the research methodology. Chapter one deals with the theoretical perspective, definitions, rules, references and means of pulling funds. Chapter two focuses on the practical framework of savings in Yemen. And Chapter three is specified for the role of Islamic banks in Yemen in attracting savings. Chapter four deals with the role of Islamic banks in the investment of the funds. Chapter five highlights on the issues that influence the attraction of funds and its utilization and the last chapter looks into the future strategies for the pooling of funds and its utilization. The research adopts the descriptive research method, the comparative analytics of the financial ingredients and reports of the Islamic banks. Also the qualitative research method is adopted in the form of form of field studies, the sample of which is selected among the customers of Islamic banks in Yemen. A questionnaire was prepared which entails all the issues and variables related to the topic. The data is analysed obtained from the field studies using SPSS for accuracy. The theoretical perspective of the research concludes that; the Shar"‘ah encourages individuals to have savings, so also the state. It also found that investment is wajibon some not all of the Ummah, and that Islamic bank operate in such a way that they represent the rest of the Ummah. The research therefore, provides the most important basis, fundamental and regulations that are supposed to be abided by the Islamic banks in their investment activities. As for the practice, the research also concludes that, Yemeni Islamic banks have had a leading and remarkable role in the development of deposits when compared to the conventional banks in Yemen. And they have to certain extend been able to allocate the deposit funds into appropriate economic and financial ventures by means of some forms of investment mechanisms. Finally, the research laid out a guide of practical and applicable issues that may influence the Islamic banking sector in Yemen in its quest of attracting deposits and its investment. It also concludes by proposing future prospects that will serve the interest of the Islamic banks in their endeavor of development and success in attracting deposits and in their financial activities. The research also provides result of the study alongside recommendations.