الاستثمارات في البنوك الإسلامية وعلاقتها بالزكاة

Abstract

The study aims at studying the direct and indirect investment procedures adopted by Islamic banks and tries to explore the yearly impact of each of these investments on Zakat. This is done so as to estimate the direct and indirect investments in the Islamic banks and measure their determinants through a given period and the extent of the direct effect on the legal Zakat income. A sample has been selected from Islamic banks to be a practical model in the study; the sample combines Jordan Islamic Bank for Financing and Investment, Faisal Islamic Bank of Egypt and Dubai Islamic Bank. Within this context, the first two chapters of the investigation introduce a theoretical framework that includes Islamic banking definition, origins, characteristics, objectives as well as investment definition, concept, Islamic and conventional implications. The third chapter discusses the investment methods and procedures adopted by the Islamic banks and the characteristics and concepts of each procedure. In Chapter Four, the researcher examines Zakat in terms of concept and economic and social roles, and then tries to identify the Zakat's duty position within Islamic banking (core of study). In Chapter Five, the practical and operational aspects of the study have been elaborated through testing the hypotheses and discovering the statistical correlations between the variables and the impact of each adopted investment type in the Islamic banks on Zakat every year through a fixed period of time. The investigation concludes with the findings where the most important is the importance of investments carried out by the Islamic banks in realizing the Islamic legal objectives through the development, spread, and use of capitals. Furthermore, the study shows the obvious and increasing development of direct and indirect investment bases and the multiplication of these investments to record levels during the study period, which made it a successful and positive developing model. Moreover, the indirect investment that the Islamic banks carry out contributes to the increasing rates greater than the direct investment (within the sample), which means that indirect investment has a larger and clearer impact on Zakat every year compared to direct investment.