ظاهرة الفرقة بين الزوجين أسبابها وآثارها وطرائق علاجها في ضوء مقاصد الشريعة : مدينة بادانج بإندونيسيا أنموذجا

Abstract

Marriage has a critical role in Islam. It possesses important values and purposes in Islamic shari'ah, rather than merely a social contract. The Islamic shari'ah allows divorce in certain situations wahere there is no other feasible solution of sustaining the marriage. The common causes of the divorce may be different from one place to another. The data from the Ministry of Religious Affairs of West Sumatra shows that the highest rank of divorce rate in West Sumatra in 2013 to 2014 is in Padang city. Although the number dropped in 2015, Padang still ranks the highest in terms of divorce rate in West Sumatra. It is unclear as to what triggers the high rate of divorce in Padang, West Sumatra. This study attempts to examine the divorce phenomenon that occurred in Indonesia, using Padang city as the case study. It also aims to identify the impact and possible solutions that may be used by local governments to mitigate the phenomenon through maqāṣid shari'ah approach. Qualitative method was used in this study. This study found that the main cause of divorce in Padang city was the absence of harmony in the household. Particularly, both husband and wife do not truly understand each other’s role in making a marriage successful. The impact can be seen from various aspect of social life, such as education and economy. Among the solutions that can be adopted to address such issues is through improved the understanding of the society about the purpose of marriage and divorce as prescribed in Islam. Another critical step to mitigate this issue is to form a solid cooperation from various parties, such as the local community, government, and Islamic institutions in the Padang city in providing the awareness of Islamic values in sustaining a marriage.