الأفعال ودلالتها في كتاب الصلاة من صحيح البخاري : دراسة صرفية دلالية

Abstract

The focus of this study is to examine the verbs and their meanings in the Book of Salah (pray) in the Sahih al-Bukhari. It aims at describing the morphology and semantic aspects in selected Prophetic texts. The study generally focuses on verbs, their structures and forms. In particular, it examines the meaning of verbs, especially the basic forms and derivative forms. The purposes are to identify the relevance of verbs’ forms to their meanings, the extent of consistency between them and the possibility of shifting from their actual meaning. In this regard, the study also attempts to identify factors involved in the shifting of meaning in order to explore their differences and similarities in selected Prophetic texts. This study adopted the inductive-descriptive method in analyzing the data. It arrived at several findings. Among them is the importance of context in identifying the meaning of verbs in the Prophetic texts, that is to say the meaning is determined by the context and not always the form. The emphasis factor is the most common one in the shifting of meaning in the derivative trilateral and quadrilateral forms. It is then followed by other meanings such as quantity, collaboration, shortening of story, dispossess, heading for, request, follow up, becoming and so on. On the other hand, the meanings of the basic form are combination, separation, alteration, prohibition, instinct, formed description, colours, defect and so on. These varieties of meanings reveal the uniqueness of the Prophet’s (s.a.w) expression and also illustrate the special features of Arabic language. In terms of it references to tenses, they are in four types: present, future, continuous and past. These meanings are not easily understood by the reader unless after careful observation in contextual indication. Finally, the study concluded with some recommendations. The most significant is the need to select the Prophetic text for the purpose of analyzing its morphological and semantical aspects due to its noble status as the second source of Islamic religious text after the holy Qur’an. This type of study should not be restricted to the Sahih al-Bukhari text only, but should also extend to other compilations of the Prophetic text.