Religious co-existence in Bangladesh : a case study of muslim-hindu relationship in Satkhira

Abstract

This study investigates the present condition of religious co-existence in Bangladesh, a multi-cultural, multi-ethnic yet Muslim majority country in South Asia, on the basis of a sample survey conducted in Satkhira, a southern district of Bangladesh. The study also articulates the concept of religious co-existence, its principles, objectives and methods from a Muslim perspective. The methodology applied in the study was both qualitative and quantitative. Using random sampling, a number of 681 respondents (452 Muslims and 229 Hindus) were secured from a total of 2,000 questionnaires distributed to the two communities in Satkhira in 2012. Based on feedback from the respondents, the data were analysed critically and presented statistically using SPSS. The study then examines Muslim-Hindu relationship due to an allegation that the relationship has not been peaceful. There were claims that the minorities were persecuted, neglected, deprived and tortured by the majority. However, this study found that such claim cannot be supported. In general, 85.8% Muslims and 83% Hindus agreed that there is peaceful religious co-existence between the two communities in terms of recognition and tolerance, mutual understanding and co-operation, equality and mutual benefit, willingness to work for the common good, agreement on non-violence and peaceful existence. In addition, the study has also explored the reasons put forward by the remaining small percentage of respondents (approximately 15%) who felt that there is no peaceful religious co-existence between the two communities. Among the reasons are lack of knowledge about religion and religious teachings, national and international political views on religion and religious adherents as well as politicians using religion for political gain.