Kuala Lumpur urban park biodiversity : a relation between urban-birds and people

Abstract

This research was rooted from the current issues of the continuously increasing human population which lead to rapid urbanization therefore upsetting the urban wildlife, particularly birds, which are the main focus of this research. Thus the aim of this research is to explore the relation between urban-birds and people in the context of urban park biodiversity in the city of Kuala Lumpur. This research is also important to identify the role of urban parks and their contributions in several elements highlighted. It will review the current research on urban biodiversity, urban birds’ survival as well as human dimensions. This understading leads to research questions and objectives about the birds’ species richness, human attitude and urban park contributions. The research methodology address two step approaches consist of birds’ survey using transect line and human survey. Data were collected through survey questionnaire from 380 park users within five selected urban parks in Kuala Lumpur. Findings from bird survey recorded two predominant birds species which are Eurasian Tree-sparrow (Passer Montanus) (n=116) and Common Myna (Acridotheres Tritis) (n=102). The most survived birds are known as the most tolerance bird on any disturbance. Thus, the study has identified three important elements that cater the needs of urban birds such as provide suitable environment, provide food and give protection. Findings on human survey in average presented balance number of respondents between male and female. However, Malay respondents show the highest number of people visiting the park. The majority numbers of respondents are between age groupings coming from 21 to 31 years old. This finding is corresponding towards the level of education which Bachelor Degree holders are majority. The results of the study indicate that, in general, different ethnicities, education levels as well as different income groups were reflected to have different values on environment. The study also found that respondent’s familiarity on birds species differ between different genders. Basically, the male respondents are more knowledgeable on birds species compared to female respondents. People with various level of education signifies similar attitude towards urban birds. However, different ethnicities, education levels and income groups were identified to have different behavior towards urban birds. The research revealed positive feedbacks from the respondents which represent the urban people in accommodate urban wildlife, particularly birds surround them while the existing of urban parks give them opportunities to be connected with nature. The research addresses the contributions of urban parks in terms of park use devoted to enjoy outdoor nature and also positive feedbacks in terms of health benefits by giving mind relaxation. Respondents’ perception that urban park improve the city appearance and satisfaction in terms of accessibility which closed to community areas show highest percentage. Respondents also agree that urban park contribute in protecting natural environment. These findings provide an overview of relation between urban birds and people to contribute to the conservation of urban park biodiversity particularly in Malaysia. Perhaps, it is also beneficial for future researcher, recreational park managers as well as urban communities in the city Centre of Kuala Lumpur.