إستدراكات أم المؤمنين عائشة رضي الله عنها على روايات الصحابة : دراسة منهجية

Abstract

This study aims at deriving a methodology from the commentaries made by Ummul Mu'minin 'Aisha (r.a) on the narrations of Sahabas (Companions). This methodology helps us to set self evident bases and standards of criticism that we need when dealing especially with hadiths contradicting Hadiths Sahih (Sound Hadiths ). The researcher collected and analyzed related available literature on the subject from different sources. She also utilized the analytical and historical methodology to trace the life of 'Aisha (r.a) and the characteristics that distinguished her from the other Sahabas (Companions), and to identify her position among the productive intellectual elite. The researcher also utilized the descriptive approach to study and analyze the available Hadiths and to compare between the commentaries of' Aisha and those of the Sahabas (Companions) who opposed her commentaries. The study found out eight indisputable bases, such as considering 'Ada/ah of Sahabas is beyond question; the necessity of differentiating between their 'Adalah and 'Ismah (probity) and others. The researcher also come up with four standards for 'Aisha's commentaries among which are, comparing hadiths with the Qur'an; comparing a narration with another narration in the same subject; comparing hadiths with its reason, and lastly comparing a narration with the standards of lifting harms and achieving mas/aha (interest).