مفهوم الفطرة وتطبيقاته من خلال تفسير الأمام ابن عاشور: دراسة موضوعية تحتيتية

Abstract

This study deals with the concept o(fitrah and its applications according to the Qur'anic exegesis lbn 'Ashur in his books and various articles related to the topic. Additionally this thesis will state, analyse and clarify the views of scholars, authors and researchers. This study aims to reveal the concept of fitrah and its innateness in the human structure by following the views of Imam Ibn 'Ashur, to project the most important practical applications in preserving sound fitrah and to preserve it from deviation and alteration. In order to achieve these objectives, the researcher followed the inductive and analytical approach. The study commences by defining the concept of .fitrah and clarifying its categories and characteristics, while mentioning the Islamic stance towards it. The study then went on to mention and clarify the reasons behind deviation from human innate nature (fitrah) according to the view of Imam Ibn 'Ashur. Thirdly, the study reveals Imam lbn 'Ashur's views regarding the most appropriate methods applied in Islam to preserve fitrah and make it acceptable to people's hearts. Finally, the study mentions the most important practical applications regarding the concept of fitrah in terms of creed, morals, legislation and society. The study concludes that the concept of fitrah is among the most prominent concepts mentioned in the studies and themes Ibn 'Ashur, who considered it to be a general basis encompassing the main aspects of Islam, and a pillar in understanding the aspects of legislation and derivation of rulings (istinbat). This point becomes clearly evident as he mentioned about the basic concepts of Islam, such as monotheism (tawhid), equality (musawah), freedom (hurriyah), justice ( 'adl) and tolerance (samahah). Then, he firmly linked between all of these concepts and fitrah by clarifying the firm relationship between them, with clear signs and sequential steps, making it a beacon of guidance that preserves fitrah and serves as an admonition against transgressing against it and bringing defectiveness to it.