The effects of Streptococcus salivaruis and Actinomyces naeslundii in combination with Musa acuminata extract on the biological properties of candida albicans

Abstract

The association between Candida albicans infection with oral carcinogenesis has been suggested in the previous studies. Recent studies showed that Streptococcus salivarius K12 and Actinomyces naeslundii were able to inhibit cariogenic pathogen growth, including Streptococcus mutans. The hypotheses of the present study are that A. naeslundii possesses oral probiotic properties as in S. salivarius K12 and that probiotic and synbiotic of S. salivarius K12 or A. naeslundii and Musa acuminata inhibit the aggregation and biofilm of C. albicans. The objectives of the study are to identify oral probiotic properties of S. salivarius and A. naeslundii using in-silico analysis, to determine the effect of S. salivarius and A. naeslundii on the coaggregation of C. albicans, to determine the antimicrobial effect of M. acuminata on C. albicans and to evaluate the effect of S. salivarius, A. naeslundii and M. acuminata formulation on the biofilm-forming ability of C. albicans. The present study showed that A. naeslundii possessed the probiotic protein Uvrb that involves stress response, which is similar to S. salivarius K12. In addition, the aggregation assay showed that S. salivarius K12 and A. naeslundii co-aggregated with the yeast and hyphal form of C. albicans. However, a significant decreased co-aggregation of oral cancer isolated C. albicans (ALC3) was observed in the presence of S. salivarius K12 or A. naeslundii (P<0.05). The static biofilm showed that the biofilm biomass was found to decrease when C. albicans was co-cultured with the bacteria and M. acuminata. In conclusion, A. naeslundii possesses oral probiotic properties as in S. salivarius K12, and that probiotic and synbiotic of S. salivarius K12 or A. naeslundii and Musa acuminata inhibit the aggregation and biofilm of C. albicans. Therefore, it has the potential for the development of the potential positive influence that can be used as an adjuvant for the prevention of oral carcinogenesis.